The Jazz Singer - 851 Words

The Jazz Singer, released in 1927, is a black and white film that centers on a young man who wishes to conquer his dreams in becoming a professional jazz singer. This film, directed by Alan Crosland, demonstrates new developments from the decade of the 1920’s. During the decade, many new advances; such as the introduction of musicals and other technological advancements, were created. The Jazz Singer utilized these new advances of the decade and incorporated them into each scene. This is evident due to the elements of being the first talkie film, the introduction of the new musical genre and the introduction of the Hollywood stars system. By utilizing the new advances of the decade, Crosland’s film, changed the way cinema would be seen†¦show more content†¦The 1920’s was the era of many new technological developments. Two major breakthroughs were the introduction of sound and musicals in cinema. In the early 1920’s, musicals were very popular in t he theatre and, especially, on Broadway. Therefore, once sound was introduced in films, it was only a matter of time until musicals would be introduced in films. The Jazz Singer is an excellent example of the introduction of both these elements. â€Å"The 1920’s were Broadway’s busiest decade, with as many as fifty new musicals opening in a single season. [...] With so much demand, it was a time of extraordinary artistic development in the musical theatre† (Kenrick). A musical is â€Å"a play or film in which singing and dancing play an essential part† (Definition of musical in English). Because Crosland introduced these elements into his film, he was the first to introduce musicals into the cinema field. â€Å"The huge demand for The Jazz Singer was unexpected, and caused other studios to begin to produce sound films of their own to capitalize on what at the time they saw as a fad† (1920s Movies). The introduction to sound and musicals on screen w as such a big advancement at the time that other studios wanted to invest in the new technology. Finally, The Jazz Singer is a feature film that introduces the new Hollywood stars concept. In the early 1920’s the Hollywood stars system developed; meaning that actors whereShow MoreRelatedThe Jazz Singer1555 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"The Jazz Singer† Before watching â€Å"The Jazz Singer†, I had no idea of its cultural or historical significance. I learned that it was the first motion picture to have synchronized dialogue and words. It set the precedent for cinematography, live voice recordings, and real-time dialogue. The film was based on a short story written only a few years prior. The story was called â€Å"The Day of Atonement† and was authored by Samson Raphaelson. The short story was then adapted into an onstage musical inRead MoreAnalysis Of The Jazz Singer2060 Words   |  9 PagesBlack shirt, black pants, black hair, blackface. The most provocative scene in the 1927 film, The Jazz Singer, takes places in the dressing room of Jack Robin as he prepares to take the stage for a dress rehearsal of his Broadway show. Jack Robin, formerly Jakie Rabinowitz, is at the height of his struggle with his identity: a white Jew longing to be with his people during the holiest night in his religion but instead preparing to assume the mask a black performer to execute his role in the minstrelRead MoreThe, R B And Jazz Singers1442 Words   |  6 Pages â€Å"Rage to Survive, The Etta James Story† as told by Etta James, and written by David Ritz, is a biographical telling of the history of the soul singer who, through a series of crashes and comebacks, became one of the most famous blues, RB and jazz singers in history. Born in Los Angeles, California, Etta James, or as a young child known as Jamesetta Hawkins, was born January 25th, 1938 to Ms. Dorothy Hawkins who was just fourteen, and an absent father. This is a solidified fact, the placeRead MoreWarner Brothers And The New Medium Of Radio1377 Words   |  6 Pagessound. Investing money into the Vitaphone, was Sam Warner’s idea; he influenced his brothers to collaborate in expanding a patent on this process that made the â€Å"talkies† (sound motion pictures) feasible. Warner Bros. was a minor studio until The Jazz Sin ger (1927) and The Singing Fool (1928) that starred Al Jolson. According to the article, â€Å"How to Say Things with Songs: Al Jolson, Vitaphone Technology, and the Rhetoric of Warner Bros. in 1929, by Jennifer Fleeger. It states, â€Å"By placing Jolson inRead MoreThe Impact Of Sound On The World Of Sound Cinema965 Words   |  4 Pagescreated by a man named Lee de Forest and Theodore Case in 1923. The Phonofilm, which recorded synchronized sound directly onto film, was used to record a variety of entertainment including vaudeville acts, musical numbers, political speeches and opera singers. Unfortunately, this sound film didn’t last long because it was overshadowed by the sound on disc, later named the Vitaphone. The Vitaphone was developed by Western Electrics Bell Laboratories and quickly acquired by Warner Bros Company in AprilRead MoreHow Sound Developed Changed America During The 1920s Beginning With Silent Films 951 Words   |  4 Pagescould not afford the fees of these large performers. Warner Brothers tested the use of synchronised sound with a series of successful short films in 1926. Following this they released The Jazz Singer (1927), which was a pivotal moment for synchronised sound and was the first â€Å"part-talkie† film. The Jazz Singer used Vitaphone s sound-on-disc for musical numbers performed by American vaudeville star Al Jolson, these closely resembled vaudeville acts the audience would have been familiar with. TheRead MoreThe Jazz Singer : A Jewish American Story Essay1853 Words   |  8 PagesAt its core, The Jazz Singer is ostensibly a Jewish-American story. The central conflict is Jakie Rabinowitz’s heritage, family, and upbringing coming to a head with his chosen career and where his heart lies: performance in an American pop cultural milieu. A reading of the film suggests that although hybridity can be found between the old and the new; the traditional and the modern; they are fundamentally in conflict with each other and cannot co-exist in their established forms: one must supersedeRead MoreThe Golden Age of Hollywood566 Words   |  2 PagesMetro Golden Meyer (MGM), and 20th Century Fox. These five super-studios were not only the highest-grossing, but also produced over 90 percent of America’s films. However, by 1927, the first synchronized-sound movie would be released, titled â€Å"The Jazz Singer.† This movie, produced by Warner Bros. and directed by Alan Crosland, would be dubbed â€Å"talking pictures† or simply a â€Å"talkie.† The movie was made with the Vitaphone system, which was a compact disc with audio that would synchronize with a movieRead MoreAnalysis Of Alan Crosland s The Jazz Singer Essay1831 Words   |  8 Pageslandscape of America, and the very definition of ‘American’ was broadened and made more inclusive, separation and conflict between racial groupings was widespread, and integration and homogenisation never fully materialised. Alan Crosl and’s The Jazz Singer (1927), notability as the first film to feature scenes with synchronised sound aside, is demonstrative of this relationship between racial conflict and cultural hybridity. The 1927 Al Jolson star vehicle’s depictions of the struggle between JewishRead MoreMost Influential Jazz Singer, Billie Holiday693 Words   |  3 Pagescultural movement specifically in creative arts such as music and literature. Jazz represented the flavor and zest of African American culture in the 1920s-1940s. Billie Holiday had a great impact on the Harlem Renaissance because she was one of the most influential jazz singers of all time. She performed with other great jazz musicians such as Louis Armstrong, Teddy Wilson, Jo Jones, and Henry Allen. Her career as a jazz singer was an incredible and thriving one, however, it was shortened because of

Apollo 11 Moon Landing/ Conspiracy Paper - 2749 Words

Sarah Sams Honors English 10/Mr. Brown 10 April, 2011 Apollo11 Moon Landing, Was it Just a Fake? Many accomplishments throughout the years, in the United States have formed our country to a nationalist society. On July 20th, 1969, the Mission Control Center in Houston, Texas received the call, â€Å"Houston†, which confirmed the landing of these three astronauts on the moon. Recently though, many discussions of the Apollo 11 mission have astonished thoughts of many Americans. Conspiracy theorists are looking at the Moon Landing as a hoax and one big set up that Americans were fooled into believing actually happened. In 1974, Bill Kasying wrote a book entitled We Never Went to the Moon:†¦show more content†¦When the footage was done being aired, it was stored at Goddard Space Flight Center. Records indicate the tapes were moved to the U.S. National Archives in 1970. The reasons are still unknown, but about 700 boxes of the SSTV tapes were returned to Goddard in 1984. After 1984, they were never looked at again, and nobody has any idea of the whereabouts of the tapes. ( NASA loses original tapes of Apollo 11 moon landing) Without all of this evidence how could anyone still believe the landing happened? Well, the answer to that question is, the government kept this secret from Americans and still does. Without investigating this topic, all the information to prove the moon landing to be a hoax is misunderstood. The loss of evidence should also show that NASA is keeping something from all of the citizens in the United States. NASA never made clear plans to return from the Apollo 11 mission. NASA officials stated how long the mission would take, who was involved, when the astronauts would leave and when the astronauts would land in space. NASA never released when the astronauts were to return back from space, or how long that would take. It is suspicious for many people who are just starting to look at the conspiracy because the NASA officials in charge of the miss ion should have given those plans ahead of time. NASA stated that the tasks would be done in 102 to 103 hours after takeoff, but never said when the astronauts wouldShow MoreRelatedMoon Landing Conspiracy807 Words   |  4 PagesScientific Facts for Moon Landing Conspiracy Theorists: An Essay on the Apollo 11 Conspiracies Tatiana Odishoo Ms. Betances, English 1 Pre-IB Global Issue Research Paper June1, 2011 Odishoo, Tatiana Ms. Betances/ English 1 Pre-IB Per.5 Global Issue Draft 20 May 2011 Scientific Facts for Moon Landing Conspiracy Theorists People around the globe are familiar with the triumphant words, â€Å"One small step for man, one giant leap for mankind.† However, nearly 20% (Russo) believe they wereRead MoreThe Moon Landing Conspiracy Theory1515 Words   |  7 PagesConspiracy theories are everywhere. It seems that for every event in to have taken place in history, there is a group of individuals saying that it is a government conspiracy. There are conspiracy theories regarding the 9/11 attacks, presidential assassinations, Area 51, Jimmy Hoffa, the English crown and Elvis. The list is endless. In this paper we are going to discuss the moon landing conspiracy. Apparently there are people who believe the entire moon landing was a hoax. They believe thatRead MoreMoon Landing Exploratory Essay1029 Words   |  5 PagesMoon Landing 1969 â€Å"Ignition sequence starts, three, two, one, all engine running, zero, lift off.† On July 16th 9:32 a.m., Apollo 11 was successfully launched as millions watched. Indeed, the lunar mission of the Apollo 11 was a new break through in the field of space exploration. Soon after, however, many controversies were raised on the authenticity of this event. Many critics of the lunar landing believe that this event was a hoax perpetuated to deceive the society. The debate, whether the moonRead MoreApollo 11 : A Great Trick2562 Words   |  11 PagesFor a considerable length of time, the Apollo 11 moon landing mission has been the subject of level headed discussions following the time when it happened. This paper is saying that the Apollo 11 did not really happen. Most importantly, what does Apollo 11 even mean? As indicated by NASA, The Apollo 11 is the first manned missions to the moon; the space travelers or the pilots were Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin (O’Connor, 2010). Neil Armstrong was popular for his quotable line: One small stepRead MoreReasons the Moon Landings Could Be a Hoax1531 Words   |  7 Pages the first man to supposedly land on the moon. The question is, did he really land on the moon, or was it a broadcasted fraud? Thousands of Americans argue that it was a setup such as the attacks on September 11, and every day, somebody changes their opinion on what really happened. For many years, people have been trying to figure out this occasion, and ever since Neil Armstrong, Michael Collins, and Buzz Aldrin Ventured down from the moon, conspiracies have been appearing. The three men traveledRead MoreMoon Landing Conspiracy And Its Effects On The World Essay1894 Words   |  8 PagesMoon Landing Conspiracy The United States and Mankind have gone on to do many amazing feats that were once though impossible. However, nothing comes to be quite as amazing as the Apollo 11 mission that landed the first men on the surface of the moon. At the time this act caused widespread celebration, and cheer. Over the years some people started to doubt the legitimacy of what occurred on that day back in 1969. These people came on to form the basis of the moon landing conspiracy theory. A theoryRead MoreWhy Are The Hollow Moon And Related Theories?959 Words   |  4 PagesBelieve in the Hollow Moon and Related Theories? Conspiracy theories are labelled by many as crazy. The people who believe them are labelled as even more crazy. What is it about these theories that draw people in and make them believe something that seems so ridiculous? What does believing in these theories do to people? Over the course of this paper, I hope to explain many of the reasons that people believe, and many of the effects of believing at least one branch of these conspiracy theories. The branchRead MoreEssay on UFOs and whether or not they are real; includes works cited.1849 Words   |  8 Pagesgovernment cover-up of an extraterrestrial landing. The Roswell incident ignited a wave of sightings which eventually calmed down. However in 1952 the hysteria began again. It was known as the 1952 wave or the big flap. The reported sightings to the Air Force for 1952 were 1,501 up from 169 the previous year (Cohen 35). And those numbers only consider the reported sightings. Many people didnt bother to report them because they thought there was a government conspiracy. It is estimated that upwards of 10Read MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 PagesDeCandia Alana Filipovich Jeof Vita Arthur Medina Allison Morris This book was set in 10/12 New Caledonia by Aptara ®, Inc. and printed and bound by Courier/Westford. The cover was printed by Courier/Westford. This book is printed on acid-free paper. Copyright  © 2009, 2006, 2004, 2001, 1998, 1995, 1992, 1989, 1986, 1981, 1976 John Wiley Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic

Rome Sweet Rome, The Q Brothers Collective Use Essay

Many, if not all, plays are written to evoke thoughts from people in the audience. Through their scripts, authors deliver messages about their opinions on various issues ranging from gender roles to class ranks. These messages are developed to provoke thoughts and questions from people who experience performances. In the play Rome Sweet Rome, the Q Brothers Collective use both new and old theatrical techniques to make parallels between the Roman and United States governments by addressing issues involving women’s roles in society, class rank, and homosexuality. The play uses methods both similar and different to other classic plays to deliver a message that is relatable to issues in today’s world. This message is enhanced through the use of acting styles, set design, costumes, music, and lighting. The play presents a strong message to people of today’s society. Rome Sweet Rome urges the audience to consider the many parallels that can be made between the Roman go vernment at the time of Julius Caesar and the government that we have today in the United States. The play offers opportunities for those in the audience to consider important issues that are prevalent in our world. The gender roles, homosexuality, and class rank issues brought forth in the play are all big issues that fueled the presidential candidate’s campaigns during this election. At the time of the performance here at the University of Iowa, students were being strongly encouraged to consider these issues asShow MoreRelatedMarketing Management130471 Words   |  522 Pagesmanagement process for identifying, anticipating and satisfying customer requirements profitably.† The functions of marketers: In order to reach the goal of creating a relationship that holds value for customers and for the organization, marketers use a diverse set that includes (but is not limited to) making decisions regarding: †¢ Target Markets – those markets identified as possessing needs the marketer believes can be addressed by its marketing efforts †¢ Products/Services – a tangible or intangibleRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagespermission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions Department, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458, or you may fax your request to 201-236-3290. Many of the designations by manufacturers

The impact of knowledge management in sustainable Development in

Essays on The impact of knowledge management in sustainable Development in Pakistan (Applied study in Pakistan) Thesis Proposal Knowledge Management in Pakistan Knowledge management is the skill of coming up with ideas, sharing them and puttingthem into use. There have been many contributors to the well being of knowledge in Pakistan; all were geared to ensure that the goal of producing a knowledgeable society is realized. Therefore, societies were formed with the help of different individuals like professors, students’ teachers and other academicians. This proposal will examine the measures used in promoting knowledge, how knowledge is transferred from one sector to another in Pakistan’s economy, advantages of knowledge management to Pakistan’s economy, challenges faced by Pakistan in managing its knowledge. Introduction Pakistan’s knowledge is mainly promoted through education; during its independence, the quality of education provided in this country was very poor. Most of its population was comprised of illiterate individuals. Currently the country has tried to come up with strategies through which its population can get access to education regardless of gender and age. Adults’ education has been highly encouraged compared to independent period. This has been done through allocation of more resources to education and trying to improve its system of education. Educational systems are divided into five categories. Each group is comprised of a different stage in personality that ensure swift flow of information from one level to another manage each level (king 32). Genders issues have addressed in Pakistan’s educational systems. Both men and women are given equal chances in accessing education and in the job market competence is the main factor to consider when deploying individ uals in the field market. Knowledge management has helped in the conservation of Pakistan’s environment and in the running of various organizations that greatly contributes to its economy. Allocation of resource and other amenities is done through acquisition of knowledge management. Therefore, a conducive environment is always encouraged for the sake of gaining knowledge in different institutions and organization (king 75). Government tries to provide quality education by providing resources and revising the curriculum when necessary. Business organizations provide a friendly environment by encouraging cooperation among its workers. Innovation is to be encouraged for the sake of being competitive in the business world Literature review Knowledge management has been described as a fundamental aspect to the success and development of any organization or nation that wants to compete favorably in the business market. Some scholars argue that technology is very important in transferring knowledge. According to king (83) it is through this technology that both workers and clients share different ideas. This is to mean Pakistan’s success in managing its knowledge will highly depend on its technological standards. In business, technology should be applied in promoting efficient communication; this also helps in faster transfer of information from one individual to another. Other reviewers argue that success of knowledge management depends on individual’s ability and the general systems of management. Systems of management have to be efficient to realize success; this is to say the flow of information from one level to another have to be good if not perfect. A study conducted by King (93) on individuality, it reveals that individuals’ skill is another aspect necessary in managing knowledge. Workers for instance should have relevant skills to the field they are dealing with. Pakistan’s has tried to improve its systems of education to realize the goal of making its public knowledgeable. It has been pointed out that knowledge management comes with its challenges that may otherwise impact negatively to the growth of an organization. It is difficult to ensure that all individuals at work place master and maintain the skill of knowledge management. This is due to cultural differences that at the work place, people have different beliefs about different things there cultural differences might conflict with the organizations goal. Methodology Knowledge management in Pakistan entirely depends on the entire society for its success. There are important pillars to the success of knowledge management; these are people, processes that are undertaken by organization, and different practices carried out in an organization. People will help in bringing about change and integrating different cultures. The same People are held in seeing to it that the knowledge management plan succeeds in any organization so long they put in mind, Processes are rules that are used in governing an organization (king 112). There are four stages used in knowledge management, one is strategy. Pakistan has put down different strategies that act as a guideline to its success for instance; it has a strategy of providing an enabling environment for all. Planning is another component necessary in knowledge management, in every business or plan one has to identify target market. Carrying out of thorough assessments in an organization is an important aspect. Execution is the third stage in knowledge management, in execution individuals are involved in the process of laying down knowledge management framework. Quality of the knowledge being offered is very necessary for instance, any organization interested in participating in a healthy business competition have to focus on the quality of the knowledge for it greatly affects the wellbeing of their business. Finally improvement in knowledge management, changes should always be implemented where necessary in knowledge management to promote to its quality. Findings Due to adoption of knowledge, management by Pakistan there has been great improvement in different sectors. Education has greatly improved where most people are now well-educated compared to earlier period. Economically Pakistan has improved due to the consistency that it has shown in the market. Businesses have achieved profitability from this skill of knowledge management (king 205). On the other hand, Pakistan has faced great challenges in integrating knowledge management in its economy due to different reasons. One being the fact that Pakistan is a developing it suffers financial setbacks in funding for technology that promotes faster flow of information in an organization. Diversity in culture that exists in Pakistan is also a problem in knowledge management. Culture of a particular organization highly contributes to failure of knowledge management, this framework might fail to work if at all the culture of an organization does not encourage learning new experiences and lack of flexibility. Motivation is another challenge for implementation of knowledge management. Not all workers are motivated to share different ideas with their fellow colleagues. This is because some individuals do not see the value of knowledge management (king 312). Recommendations (conclusion) Knowledge management as discussed is an important element to the growth of both nations and organisations. Therefore should be promoted at all cost. The challenges faced by knowledge management can be dealt with through motivation of workers; they are to be taught on the usefulness of knowledge management. Workers should be motivated to share different ideas with their fellow workers and finally an organizations culture should be geared towards learning new experiences. Work cited King, William R. Knowledge Management and Organizational Learning. Newyork: Springer, 2009.

Odysseus vs. achilleus Essay Example For Students

Odysseus vs. achilleus Essay Who is more heroic, Odysseus or Achilles?In Websters Dictionary, a hero is defined as a person noted for courageous acts or nobility of purpose, especially if this individual has risked or sacrificed his life. It can also be used in reference to a mythological or legendary figure, often of divine ancestry, who is favored by the gods, endowed with great courage and strength, and celebrated for his bold exploits. War or dangerous adventure is the heros normal occupation. In my opinion, Odysseus is much more heroic than Achilles. Throughout both the Iliad and the Odyssey, Odysseus showed more cunning and acts of bravery than Achilles. Both men did make an attempt to avoid fighting in the Trojan War, however, neither succeeded. After Odysseus was tricked into serving the Greeks, he was sent to recruit Achilles. Disguised as a peddler, he approached Achilles, who was dressed as a woman hiding among the maidens, and displayed trinkets and fine weapons. While the girls flocked around the trinkets, Achilles fingered the swords and daggers. After Odysseus discovered him, he persuaded Achilles into coming to the Greek camp and joining their army. This shows that Odysseus was smarter and cleverer than Achilles. Odysseus also showed cunning when he came up with the plot to defeat Troy, using the Trojan Horse. Odysseus fought bravely throughout the entire Trojan War, whereas Achilles spent quite awhile in his tent pouting after Agamemnon kidnapped his prize maiden, Chryseis. He also lets his best friend, Patroclus, go into battle alone to die by Hectors spear. It takes a great loss like this for Achilles to get up and fight again. Even then he was not fighting out of bravery, but purely out of anger, with the desire of revenge. Then, after Achilles had killed Hector, he fastened Hectors feet to his chariot and drug his body around the walls of Troy. This act was disturbing and definitely not that of a hero. Even after the Trojan War was over, Odysseus had to go through twenty years of turmoil before he could get home. He endured all of this with the hope that someday he would again be with his family. I thought that this was very honorable. I would definitely consider Odysseus a greater hero than Achilles. He was smarter and much nobler. He showed nobility by tricking Achilles, fighting bravely, and enduring many hardships to get back to his family. A hero is one who exhibits courage and honor. It is a person who puts the interest of others ahead of their own. This is what a hero is and if we all lived by this code of honor, then I think that the world would be a much better place.

The Childhood Obesity as a Serious Issue of Health Concern

Question: Discuss Childhood Obesity as a Serious Issue of Health Concern? Answer: Introduction Childhood obesity is a growing concern in the society today. A lot of children in urban cities of all races and ages suffer from obesity. There are various reasons these children are obese which has now become a growing concern. According to various research as will be discussed in this essay, children are overweight due to the changing lifestyles in both their physical, social and nutritional activities. For example, children who are used to playing video games all the time may not have a chance to get enough exercise to burn off extra calories, which is a necessity for a child to stay healthy(Han, et al., 2015). Children who are constantly on television sets and computers can hardly notice the amount of calories they are gaining on a daily basis and they tend to over eat. For example, video gamers consume an average of 163 more calories every day. According to a blood test for appetite related hormone level it was reveal that playing games usually make these children hungrier forcing them to consume more food. But the problem is much more than just gamers, it is discovered that in kindergartens as well, children are growing to become much heavier that those who were in kindergartens back In the 1970s and 80s. most studies indicate that children of the present generation are most likely to become heavier in the years to come. According to (Tyrrell, et al., 2016), the issue is not just on kids, this is an entire shift where people who have normal weight are also gaining more and more weight. There is thus need to put up several measures that ensure there is a lot of control in weight gaining among children. Social Economic Factors One of the most common factor that has led to the development of obesity among children is the social and economic trends. The changes in the environment and other social and economic factor. This is especially true since children who come from families with lower income or educational levels are usually disproportionate and more likely to become obese. According to Mech, et al., (2016), children that had parents with less than 12 years of education were likely to experience obesity rates of 3.1 times higher ( 30.4) per cent than children whose parents were educated with a degree ( 9.5 Percent). It was also found that children who lived below the required national level of poverty have an obesity rate of 2.7 times higher ( 27.4 percent) than children who live in a household that is more that 400 percent in terms of the national poverty levels of the country(Moschonis, et al., 2010). Also it was found that children that live in the low income neighborhoods, in the united states were 2 0 percent to 60 percent more likely to be obese or to gain more weight that those who lived in high social and economic status neighborhoods or much more healthier neighborhoods(Moschonis, et al., 2010). Other statistics indicated that girls of ages 10 to 17 that lived in lower social and economic characteristics were more likely to become obese as an overweight that those girls who came from high economic status neighborhood. This data clearly shows that the diet composition of children from low income areas is not well followed since people are not able to afford a recommended balanced diet. In addition, most of these families consume fatty and sugary or carbohydrate filed foods that eventually will increase their body metabolic index. Also their social and economic status may exist in a much more inverse manner(Schaefer, et al., 2015). In this case obesity is likely to be much higher in rich men than uneducated women since rich men do not have time to take a balanced diet as they are busy taking fast foods due to less time in nutritional knowledge. Advertisement and emergence of technology According to (Mech, et al., 2016), nearly one in three children in eh united states are overweight. This shows that obesity among children is growing, placing a very high risk on more and more children becoming overweight as they develop to adulthood. Other illnesses that come in as a results will be cardiovascular disease, diabetes and several forms of cancer. As much as there is not sing cause known for obesity among children, food advertising is one of the most common factors. According to a report during the 2016 child obesity awareness month in the united states, it was recognized that corporate advertising and marketing contribute to the type of uncontrolled diet that children take at home. The food industry is reported to spend over $1.6 billion every year in the marketing of their products(Schaefer, et al., 2015). Most of these marketing of food products is aimed at children at a younger age which eventually affects their choices of food, preferences and their eating habit. This is one main concern since the majority of such products will be for foods which contain a lot of calories, sugar, fat and sodium. The most unfortunate part about this is that there is a strong association between food advertising and the rates of obesity, since most of the food advertised is basically non nutritious. These foods become popular since they are easily accessible, are sold cheaper due to industry competition and are easy to prepare(Tyrrell, et al., 2016). One of the people blamed for this is the media which continue to increase the popularity of these foods. It is however important to note that most companies also do not adhere to advertising policies which is supposed to inform users of side effects. Statistics in the united states for example, indicate that every day children aged between 2-17 will view an average of 12-21 of food commercials in their television. In addition, a lot of these compelling advertisements target their parents and themselves. This is also evident as famous cartoon characters are used to advertise food products for popularity purpose. The situation is also in schools where nearly half of the united states middle and high schools also authorizes for advertising of less healthy foods. Other areas that commercials make a go is in child video games, game websites, internet through social media sites and product placement during a movie launch where vouchers are provided for those who purchase the non-nutritious food product for their children(Mech, et al., 2016). All these factors of corporate advertising have positively affected the obesity rate in the united states. The issue is even worse as most children spend more time on the internet or with their iPad and smart phones more than they do with family. In addition to this is the busy lifestyle of their parents as they try to meet the economic needs of the family, for this reason, whatever is advertised will be prepared for the child. Advertisers also known that children and youth are great marketer since they will influence their parents towards a particular product in the market enabling it gain popularity all round(Moschonis, et al., 2010). For this reason, most governments are called upon to control the advertising content or regulate the time for airing such advertisements. It this is well done, then the issue of food advertising can be used for the general good of reducing obesity among people who take food commonly known as junk. In the united states for example, obesity continue to increase over time. It is estimated that overweight people spend an average of $30,000 more than what healthy people will due to various medical conditions that come with obesity like obesity, cardiovascular disease, heart failure, heart attacks and other forms of food related cancer(Rossman, 2017). It addition, there is the productivity effect that is associated with obesity since most overweight people lose about $93,000 in wages over their lifetime. This is as a result of obesity related conditions that is nearly the double of their normal weight loss between 44,000 and $49,000. It is thus important that the country looks in to these factors and find ways of reversing the trend(Rossman, 2017). Conclusion In conclusion the weight of children will usually depend on the social, physical and nutritional practices of their daily lives. Research indicates that people with high body mass index when they reach age 18 are most likely to continue that way in their coming years. It thus becomes more important that parents take time to teach their children the importance of physical activities. The basic place to begin with is for parents to learn to spend more time monitoring the eating habit and general lifestyle of their children. If this is done well then they will be in a better position to monitor and protect their children from harm caused by bad diet and lack of exercise. It is also important that the united states government put more regulation on the childhood nutritional practices. Foods that are found to diminish the health of young children should be regulated. In addition, advertising agencies need to also be put to task to ensure they exercise the moral authority of protecting chi ldren from harmful food, which can be done through responsible advertising. It will also be important that school physical education is made mandatory as it will allow this children a chance to burn of excess cholesterol in their bodies and allow them a normal healthy life. References Han, T. et al., 2015. Associations of obesity with socioeconomic and lifestyle factors in middle-aged and elderly men: European Male Aging Study (EMAS). European journal of endocrinology / European Federation of Endocrine Societies, 172(1), pp. 59-67. Mech, P., Hooley, M., Skouteris, H. Williams, J., 2016. Parent?related mechanisms underlying the social gradient of childhood overweight and obesity: a systematic review. Child: Care, Health and Development, 42(5), pp. 603-624. Moschonis, G. et al., 2010. Social, economic and demographic correlates of overweight and obesity in primary-school children: preliminary data from the Healthy Growth Study. Public Health Nutrition, 13(10), pp. 1693-1700. Rossman, S., 2017. Overweight kids are costing America billions. [Online] Available at: https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation-now/2017/05/01/exercising-three-times-week-can/307656001/ [Accessed 9 May 2017]. Schaefer, S. et al., 2015. Assessing Child Obesity and Physical Activity in a Hard-to-Reach Population in California's Central Valley, 2012-2013. Preventing chronic disease, 12(12), p. 117. Tyrrell, J. et al., 2016. Height, body mass index, and socioeconomic status: mendelian randomisation study in UK Biobank. BMJ (Clinical research ed.), Volume 352, p. i582.

Benner Model free essay sample

This paper will discuss the role of caring along with the Benner model’s seven domains and my level of proficiency in each domain. Each level of proficiency will be explored to show my strengths as a professional and also areas that I could improve on as a professional nurse. With the areas that need improvement I will show support through supportive rationale with a research article. I will describe how I plan on gaining proficiency in my area of needed improvement, all while using critical thinking and written communication skills. Role of caring The role of caring as a registered nurse is an ever changing role. We as nurses must find the time to wear several different hats throughout the day even sometimes multiple hats at one time are needed to care for the patient at hand. Nursing theorist Jean Watson defines caring as a humanitarian science, and offers ten behaviors that demonstrate that. They are, in descending order: attentive listening, comfort, honesty, patience, responsibility, providing information so that the patient can make an informed decision, touch, sensitivity, respect, and calling the patient by name (Vance 2009). These are the multiple hats we as nurses must wear throughout the care of our patients. They are not complicated, but yet to the patient they make them feel like a real person rather than just another patient in a bed. As I practice nursing on an almost daily basis I utilize the different roles and adapt to the needs of my patient based on their needs. Every patient you come across has a different perspective on the care they are to receive, have received or received already. Not only am I as a nurse adapting to the patients most prominent needs, I am also adapting, overcoming and helping the patient’s family with their needs as well. Caring goes beyond just the patient. It goes to the whole support system who is involved in the care of the patient. As I see it, you cannot help a patient to heal if one he/she is not cared for, and two if he/she’s support system is not cared for. The most important thing I do as a nurse, or so I think, is when I walk into the patients room I ask them their name (to identify I have the right patient) but then I also ask the patient what he/she likes to be called so I am not offending them with a nickname or with a name like â€Å"Honey†. By doing this I make the patient feel like they are in control and often times this can help them to be more open in their needs. Benner model domains and level of proficiency Benner discusses seven domains; The helping role, the teaching-coaching function, the diagnostic and patient monitoring function, effective management of rapidly changing situations, administering and monitoring therapeutic interventions and regimens, monitoring and ensuring the quality of healthcare practiced, and organizational work role competencies. Within each domain you can be at a different stage depending on your experience level and your professional stage. These stages range from novice to expert. Novice is one who is unfamiliar with a situation and needs complete guidance. This would be someone who is still in nursing school, or a very recent graduate. The next step up is advanced beginner. These people have relevant knowledge of the situation, but are still guided by the rules. These individuals still have a hard time grasping the whole picture. These would be your new floor nurses who don’t have a lot of experience on their own. Next is competent. These people have the ability to plan appropriately and discern which aspects are relevant verses irrelevant. They have the ability to alter rules as the situation warrants them. These nurses would be your nurses who have over a year of hands on experience and feel confident in their patient care. After competent comes proficient, with this stage, skills have matured exponentially and they have the ability to ascertain information from subtly changes. This individual has begun the implementation of intuition to assist the skill set. These would be your nurses with three plus years of experience. Lastly we have the stage of expert. With this stage the ability to fully utilize intuition without the need for reliance on contemplating alternatives for diagnosis and treatment is met. These are your seasoned nurses. The ones who know what to do and how to do things without help from anyone else. These nurses are usually the best to learn information from and best to help the novice stage. Helping role In the helping role, I find myself to be in the proficient stage, although my nursing career is still fresh and new I have always found the need to help people. Before I began my career journey to become a registered nurse, I was a nurse’s aide for three years. I learned so much from the expert nurses at that time of what I aspired to be when I finally did achieve my goal and get my registered nurse degree and license. Just the ease of listening to a patient for those five extra seconds to let them voice their concerns, helps the patient feel very involved in their own care. Helping a patient is also helping the family that comes along with that said patient. I recall working one night in an emergency room when a little Amish family came in. The child they brought was not breathing so well and had a blue tint to him. The triage nurse rushed the child back to a room and asked the parents to wait in the waiting room until they got the boy stable. The look on the mothers face was that of agony. I asked her if she needed anything while she waited. Her response was, â€Å"I just need someone to sit and pray with me†. Now my beliefs may not be that same of hers but I did just that. I sat next to her while she said her prayers and just that little gesture made her feel the care she and her family were receiving was extraordinary. It was not a good outcome for the boy, but when they ended up leaving the mother did stop and give me a hug and said â€Å"Thank you for everything you have done†. It was a moment I will never forget. Teaching-coaching role In the teaching-coaching function domain, I find myself to be in the proficient stage. I am the kind of person who whole heartedly believes the saying â€Å"see one, do one, teach one†. I can remember my very first time watching a seasoned registered nurse start an intravenous catheter (IV) on a patient and by just observing and asking questions while she started the line I have been able to start an IV on the first try every time on a patient. After starting probably thousands of IV’s I have been able to teach new persons the technique that I have learned and how to feel confident in maintaining the vein. Little things like starting an IV may not seem difficult, but the first few times as a brand new nurse I know how some can feel, and help calm their nerves with little extra techniques I have acquired through observing and asking questions. With the model of â€Å"see one, do one, teach one† I have found through my own experience that a hands on approach to learning is the best way for myself and other fellow nurses to gain the required knowledge of this profession. We as nurses are the patient advocate and are always hands on with the patient and their needs. Diagnostic and patient monitoring function Diagnostic and patient monitoring function I find myself to be in the advanced beginner/ competent level. Depending on the situation at hand I feel I am in the end stages of advanced beginner and the beginning stages of competent. When it comes to â€Å"plain old† medical surgical patients I feel very confident in the diagnostic and monitoring functions, but when it comes to critical care or trauma patients I have a hard time with cardiac monitoring and some of the critical lab work just by a quick look at them to determine what is wrong with the patient. I am sure over time and working in the emergency room longer with training and hands on I will move up in the competencies. I understand my cardiac rhythms on paper when I am able to sit down and count the little boxes and look thoroughly at the strip, but to just stand next to the monitor bed side I find it difficult to pick up on some rhythms. Along with the laboratory values, I can pick up on the critical values and that something is off, but to look at for instance blood gases, I cannot just glance at it and determine whether they are in metabolic or respiratory acidosis, alkalosis and compensating or non-compensating, unless I sit down and figure out the values. Effective management of rapidly changing situations Effective management of rapidly changing situations I find myself to be in the competent level. I was in the military for five and a half years and I know all too well that situations can change at any given time. I am now a registered nurse in a remote area hospital that does not have all the latest technology or services available to patients. When I came into nursing, I knew I wanted to be in a critical care area or an emergency room. I love the adrenaline rush that comes with the changing situations. Even though that gets my adrenaline pumping I still know how to keep a cool and calm manner to be able to critically think and help resolve the situation quickly and in the best nature for the patient. I love the fast pace and ever changing patients in an emergency room and the fact that time does matter for patient care in this area. I can recall a patient who came to our emergency room for sudden onset of headaches. To many headaches are a daily occurrence and we don’t think much of them. But for this young lady who was 24 weeks pregnant with her third child, I just got that gut feeling something was not right. The doctor ran tests and ordered blood work, but since we are such a rural area and have limited resources the doctor thought it was best to just send her home. Before she was discharged I ran one last set of vitals on her and as I was doing this she started to have a seizure. I recognized this as her having toxemia and knew she needed more care. With my judgment I was able to convince the emergency room doctor that she needed further care and she was transferred to Women and Children’s Hospital of Buffalo for further evaluation. It turned out she was very toxic and ended up delivering the baby the next night at 24 weeks and 5 days. Both mother and baby did very well and are both now at home well and recovering. Administering and monitoring therapeutic interventions and regimens Administering and monitoring therapeutic interventions and regimens I find myself to be in the advanced beginner stage. I have not had a lot of experience with patients who are monitored over a course of a treatment to watch and maintain their levels therapeutically. I do however know that certain drugs cause certain issues for patients when they get out of therapeutic range and how to educate patients on those issues. I believe this is more of a primary physician’s office with say Coumadin and prothrombin time levels. In the hospital we only see patients for a very short period of time, and as we do try to keep their levels normal and therapeutic, we also don’t follow the patient closely enough like a primary doctor’s office would. I do recall monitoring a patients lithium levels for therapeutic ranges while they were admitted to the hospital. This patient was brought to the emergency department for what appeared to be a stroke. He had slurred speech, confusion, dizziness, and ataxia or in-coordination of his arms and legs. We started a work up on him and soon found from his blood levels and past medical history that the patient had elevated lithium levels and this is what was causing these stroke like symptoms. We closely monitored this patient and admitted him to the medical/surgical floor for further evaluation and monitoring. Monitoring and ensuring the quality of health care practices Monitoring and ensuring the quality of health care practiced, I find myself to be in the competent stage. I see firsthand â€Å"old timers† who have become very complacent in the way they work and the way they do certain interventions. Being a recent graduate who is working in an emergency department, I know first had that complacency is never good. The simplest things like washing your hands, or wearing gloves to start IV’s is not only in the policies for the hospitals safety but it’s in place for the safety of me as a nurse and the patient as well. I know I never want to take any infectious disease home to my family and by monitoring and ensuring my practices in health care are done properly it is going to keep myself and my family safe. After watching these â€Å"old time† nurses remove one finger from a glove to start an IV and then watching the same nurse have to go through a series of testing because she had an exposure to the needle and was not safe guarded by the policy and procedures we have in place, was enough for me to learn her lesson and always wear gloves regardless of how hard it is to feel the veins. I would rather miss an IV start than have to go through the series of testing and the unknown of whether the patient has an infectious disease or not. Organizational work role competencies Organizational work role competencies, I believe I am in the advanced beginner stage. I have only been working with the hospital I work in for about 6 months. Every hospital or healthcare provider has different work role competencies and organizational sets. I believe I follow the hospital’s competencies well but over time I will learn all of them and the extent of them and this will help me better myself as a professional. As time goes on every nurse, myself included, learns the policies and procedures for the establishment they are working in. It may happen by a course of remediation or from seeing another co-worker not following the rules and get reprimanded, but eventually over time, I will become more proficient at the organizational work role competencies. I do find myself in alignment with my hospitals core values already though. I find this to be an important aspect to a place of employment and employee retention. If your values are not the same as those of the establishment you work in, it becomes very difficult. My place of employments core values are; Compassion, dignity, integrity, excellence, stewardship and social responsibility. In compassion they inspire hope and bring comfort to those they serve by caring for their physical, spiritual, and social needs. For dignity they respect the sacred worth and diversity of each person. Integrity they demonstrate through their daily actions, the courage to speak and act honestly. Excellence is shown by their commitment to improving quality in all that they do. Stewardship is managing human, environmental, and financial resources responsibly. Social responsibility they are called to serve each other, protecting the rights of all while advocating for the poor and vulnerable. All of which I strongly believe in and practice. Professional Strengths/Area for improvement As nursing is an ever changing profession with new technologies and new advances, I find myself to be strengthened in my career with the ability to adapt and over come. Every hospital system has a different computer operating system they use to document patient care and medication administration. Ever hospital has a different time or way of charting, whether it is positive charting or negative charting only. Whether you have to scan a patient’s identification bracelet before giving medications or not is different at every facility. This is where I believe both my strength and weakness or area for improvement lay. I am not very computer savvy when it comes to learning new systems and sort of get stuck in my ways about how charting should be done. In the article â€Å"Use of the electronic medical record for trauma resuscitations: How does this impact documentation completeness† it explains in detail the problems we as emergency room nurses run into while caring for critical or trauma patients and the completeness of our electronic charting. When you are in a critical or trauma setting you care more about caring for the actual patient then about the computer system at hand. When it comes to the charting on these patients, it is very helpful to have one nurse designated to charting and documentation alone. This nurse usually will write in on a progress note all the times things are happening and medications or interventions are given or performed. This way the nurse in charge of that patient can go back and document accurately the times and events in the computer system. The only downfall with this method is if the documenting nurse misses something, or forgets to write it down. Myself personally would rather have the time to care for the patient and worry about the documentation later. In the organizational work role competency, I believe this is the reason I find myself to be an advanced beginner and need for the most improvement. Some ways I have found for improvement in myself and to help advance my career as a professional registered nurse and maintain a competent proficiency level in all categories are to continue my education. In the computer world and advancing technologies there are many classes and different help classes that can assist in the growing knowledge of the computer world. I would continue my daily use of the computer system and ask questions when I was unsure of where or how to chart something. In the article â€Å"Risk assessment in the electronic age: application of the circle of caring model†, it shows how using electronic charting in the mental health field is difficult as the assessment tool is not very accurate. The article goes on to discuss how nurses have helped to change the way the assessment tool functions and helped adapt the new way of charting for the facility. This is an important component to electronic charting, as we the nurses are the ones using the system day in and day out. Our feedback is what will help the health informatics technicians to change the program and be more realistic in our daily care of the patients. As a professional nurse I have always completed the surveys that come around asking what we like or don’t like about the computer system, or what changes would we make. Some things I understand are in the system a certain way and cannot be changed, but I have seen firsthand things are changed to accommodate the working nurses’ needs of charting. Professional goals Just as health care is changing, my professional goals are ever changing as well. I have the urge to learn. I have the need to acquire as much knowledge as I can and my ultimate goal is to become a nurse practitioner in an emergency room or trauma center. I love the fast pace of the emergency room and with that love and my passion to continue learning I hope this goal is obtainable. The only thing holding me back from this goal is my other goals in life such as family. When you have two young children and another on the way, as much as my love for learning and my drive can push me professionally I have to look at what is best for both professional and family life. Summary In this paper I discussed the role of caring along with the Benner model’s seven domains and my level of proficiency in each domain. Each level of proficiency was explored to show my strengths as a professional and also areas that I could improve on as a professional nurse. With the areas that need improvement I showed support through supportive rationale with a research article. I described how I plan on gaining proficiency in my area of needed improvement, all while using critical thinking and written communication skills. Conclusion I enjoyed writing this paper to see the areas of my professional career that need more tender loving care and educational backings. I will one day obtain my professional goal of nurse practitioner and continue my career in the health care field. I enjoy the rewards of helping a patient or a family member of the patient in all aspects of their health needs, whether it be someone to just listen to them, or that person who helps bring their loved one back to life. I enjoy the fast paced of the emergency room even if it means computer charting and scanning patients for medication administration.

The Development and Control of Chemical and Biolog Essay Example For Students

The Development and Control of Chemical and Biolog Essay ical WarfareIn the year 600 BC. Solon who was a legislator of the Athenians, contaminated the River Pleisthenes with skunk cabbage to give the defenders of Kirrha violent diseases leading to their defeat. This is the first recorded use of plants as a source of chemicals for warfare. Although not very well known, chemical and biological warfare has been used for over 2000 years. Chemical and Biological warfare has made a huge change since 600 BC and has changed into one of the most advanced and destructive types of warfare known to man. There are many reason why chemical and biological warfare is so effective. Throughout the medieval times chemicals were catapulted over castle and fortress walls.Disease would spread within the enclosed walls. Chemicals were also placed up stream and the inhabitants of the fortress would drink the deadly, microorganism infested water. Biological and Chemical weapons are very inexpensive, they can be found in your daily household cleaners such as 409, or Windex.It does not take a very sophisticated industrial base to produce lethal chemicals. This makes it easy for the tiny countries to obtain these chemicals. The use of chemical weapons by Iraq and Libya in 1988 reinforces the danger that these weapons will spread. (World Encyclop edia). Not only are these weapons cheap, but they are very effective. Defense Secretary William S. Cohen held up a five-pound bag of sugar on national television a while back to show how, with an the same amount of anthrax, Iraq could eliminate at least half the population of Washington.( CNN.COM). The US Law Enforcement Assistance Administration reported in March 1977 that a single ounce of anthrax introduced into the air-conditioning system of a domed stadium could infect 70-80,000 spectators within an hour (CNN.COM). In January 1998, the Center for Disease Control declared that an epidemic hit Miami, Florida. Doctors have not yet diagnosed the specific cause of the disease, but the illness initially resembled a chest cold that progresses into pneumonia-like symptoms. It then progressed rapidly into fever and shortness of breath. What is especially peculiar about this epidemic is that all the patients who have sought medical attention attended the Orange Bowl football game on New Years Day. This could be an example of a terrorist attack on a dome stadium. And a 1972 study by the Advanced Concepts Research Corporation of Santa Barbara, California, postulated that an aerosol attack with anthrax spores on the New York City would result in more than 600,000 deaths (CNN.COM) Biological warfare agents include both living microorganisms (bacteria, protozoa, viruses, and fungi), and toxins (chemicals) produced by microorganisms, plants, or animals. The experts of biological and chemical ware fare have made a list of possible agents that terrorists could possibly use. Among those mentioned have been (undulant fever), (parrot fever), (the Black Death of the 14th Century), (rabbit fever), (Shiga bacillus), (Hardy 1998). There are over 50 chemicals that they could obtain legally and this is one reason that biological warfare is so dangerous. Some of these agents are highly lethal. Others would serve mainly in an incapacitating role. Some authors have also speculated abo ut the possible terrorist use of new, genetically engineered agents. These agents are designed to take out certain people such as a certain race for example. We will write a custom essay on The Development and Control of Chemical and Biolog specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now World War 1 marked the first time that there was a large-scale use of gas in warfare. The Germans dispersed 168 tons of Chlorine gas from cylinders against the French Salient at Ypres. Total surprise was achieved, but the success of this attack was not very good (Graham 1998). This attack resulted in over 5,000 allied casualties, the loss or 60 guns and huge quantities of supplies. The Germans attacked the northeast part of the Ypres Slient where the French and British lines met. The French area to the right was held by a group of Algerians while the Canadians held the British area to the left. An excellent eyewitness account of this attack was documented in Maj. Gen. Amos Fries book, Chemical Warfare:Try to imagine the feelings and the condition of the colored troops as they saw the vast cloud of greenish-yellow gas spring out